Martin played his Junior hockey for the St. Hyacinthe Lasers in the QMJHL. In the 1990 NHL Entry Draft, Brodeur was drafted 20th overall by the New Jersey Devils. Martin played 4 NHL games in the 1991-1992 season for the Devils, the rest of the season he continued playing juniors for the Lasers. In 1993-1994 season, Martin won the starting goalie role over Chris Terreri. Martin had a 2.40 GAA and a .915% save percentage. He led the Devils to the 7th game of the Eastern Conference Finals where the Devils lost to the New York Rangers. The superb goaltending from Brodeur earned him the Calder Trophy, given to the NHL's Rookie of the Year. The following season Brodeur led the Devils again, this time to the Stanley Cup finals where he stunned the heavily favored Detroit Red Wings to help the Devils win their first Stanley Cup. In the '96-'97 and '97-'98 seasons, Brodeur won the Jennings Trophy, given to the netminder with the lowest GAA. In the '99-'00 season, the Devils roared through the regular season and the playoffs with more strong play from Brodeur to give the Devils their second Stanley Cup.

Martin also represented his country in the '96 World Cup of Hockey and in the '98 Winter Olympics in Nagano.